Jonathan Horowitz is the Deputy Head of the Legal Department at the ICRC’s Regional Delegation for the United States and Canada, based in Washington, D.C. He focuses on legal issues pertaining to new and emerging technologies in armed conflict, urban warfare, and partnered operations. He’s written extensively on the legal and practical considerations related to technology companies providing digital services in situations of armed conflict. Previously he was a Legal Advisor at the United Nations and worked as a Political-Military Affairs and Rule of Law Officer at the U.S. Embassy in Kabul, Afghanistan where he advised on detention policy. Jonathan has also managed teams of investigators and conducted investigations into alleged human rights and/or IHL violations in Afghanistan, France, Kenya, the Netherlands, Pakistan, and Sudan for the United Nations, nongovernmental organizations, and legal defence teams. Jonathan received his LLM from the University of Essex (UK) and has published widely on international humanitarian law and human rights law.